Business Financing Solutions for your business

Finance for your company

So, you need resources for your company development. Where can you find them? How can GrafFIN help you with that? 

Capital structure and funding strategies

It depends directly on the answer on the question: why you need the resources. Sources of financing depend largely on the purpose of the financing. Let's consider the most traditional areas where you are most likely to obtain external financing.


Trade (including, for example, services related to the installation of simple equipment and its ongoing maintenance). Development requires working capital to finance a wide range of goods and deep inventory levels, in line with the structure of the target market and customer profile. Sources – temporary partnership, a small investment from interested parties (or, conversely, very uninterested parties ...) and a traditional bank loan, usually short-term. It is worth starting with the simplest form of credit – establishing an overdraft facility. In the case of a regularly and rhythmically  operating business, this often does not even require collateral – receivables are accepted as collateral and/or additional (non-binding) insurance is paid for it. Alternatively, when you have a small number of stably operating buyers of your products who use their privileged position and require a significant payment deferral (30, 60 or even more days), it is worth using bank factoring. In this case, you will receive a significant part of the cost of the delivered goods (up to 90% or even more) from the bank in a few days, and the rest after the counterparty pays the full cost of the delivery, respectively, after the expiration of the contract term - already to the bank account. Of course, this requires the counterparty's consent, and the bank does not work for free. But overall, it is profitable.


International trade, or how to preserve working capital and increase its efficiency: see our page “International trade financing


Production / Manufacturing. In the simplest variant, the same working capital is used to finance the production cycle (raw materials/components – personnel and equipment maintenance costs – energy and fuel costs – current storage and internal logistics – sales and marketing costs), but the financing horizon is longer than in the trade variant. In the advanced version – financing Research & Development for the timely modernization of existing technology and equipment. Sources – medium-term bank loan (with appropriate collateral...) or attracting an investor. For more detailed information, please visit the “Investment Analysis” and “Business Planning” pages, because if you apply to a bank for financing, you will certainly be asked to justify your idea and the forecasts for repaying the loan on the terms you expect/ being proposed by the Bank.


Infrastructure projects: please visit our “Project financing” page – even SMEs (small/medium-sized enterprises) will find a place if a critical product/service is proposed.


Grants. Don't be surprised. Even companies that pay taxes can get money from national and international funds if the project aims to meet the needs of (for example) the community and does not generate profits for the contractor. You may ask – why would I need this if I won't make a profit from this activity? Don't forget that due to such financing, you provide remuneration for your employees, maintain fixed assets (depreciation), and increase the efficiency of internal business processes. During this period of temporary market cooling, this will certainly not be unnecessary, and the experience of participating in such projects will be very useful for your company.


Innovative/investment projects aimed at creating new technologies, implementing significant/fundamental innovations that drastically change people's lifestyles and the environment. They usually require venture capital financing and/or cooperation with national, international (in our case, European) funds and programs that support such projects.


Let's focus on this. It is not an easy path, but it is exactly the one that offers significant growth prospects for your company.

Terms and Conditions, Limits of Financing

What are the requirements for this type of project, what can be financed and to what extent? Let's consider the options in the structure: who is financed; what is financed; financing terms & conditions; what limits exist.

1. Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP) — “Innovation vouchers” and FENG / SMART paths

  • Who: mainly micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
  • What it finances: R&D services purchased from scientific entities (vouchers), pilot and implementation projects under the smart/FENG paths.
  • Conditions: SME status (exclusions for large companies for some activities), the project must be innovative in nature; obligation to settle accounts in accordance with EU fund rules; own contribution often required (depending on the call for proposals).
  • Limits: in “Vouchers” competitions, usually phased financing (e.g., phase I — R&D services), limits per project and co-financing levels depending on the competition — typically up to several hundred thousand PLN per phase/service; under SMART paths, significant allocations (billion-dollar pools for selected calls).

2. National Center for Research and Development (NCBR) — research and development programs (e.g., EUREKA, strategic programs)

  • Who: companies (both SMEs and large ones) implementing R&D projects, often in consortia with universities/research units.
  • What it finances: industrial research, development work, international projects (e.g., EUREKA).
  • Conditions: the project must be R&D in nature and meet the substantive criteria of the competition; cooperating entities and a commercialization plan are often required. Competition procedures (deadlines, documents) are rigid — application deadlines are announced publicly.
  • Limits: depends on the competition — in some programs, funding can reach up to 100% of eligible costs (e.g., for research units) or specific ceilings for enterprises; the pool of funds available for distribution can be several hundred million to a billion PLN for large competitions.

3. Polish PFR Group / Financial Navigator — grants and mixed instruments

  • Who: a wide range of companies (often SMEs), start-ups in specific paths.
  • What it finances: grant programs, investment subsidies, bonuses for export activities, as well as mixed instruments (loan + grant).
  • Conditions: depending on the product — for grants, important criteria include: company size, nature of the project (export, innovation, employment), cost accountability; for mixed instruments, loan collateral and eligibility conditions must be met.
  • Limits: for example, in some offers, the level of project co-financing is up to several million PLN (example maximums: eligible costs up to PLN 5 million, co-financing up to PLN 3.5 million — depending on the call for proposals).

4. BGK (Bank Gospodarstwa Krajowego) — preferential loans, technology loans, green loans

  • Who: companies planning investments (also local governments, large companies in specific products).
  • What it finances: preferential loans, often with the possibility of a subsidy bonus, support for pro-environmental investments (green loans), programs with interest rate subsidies.
  • Conditions: creditworthiness assessment, compliance of investments with criteria (e.g., green technologies), required technical and financial documents.
  • Limits: depending on the product and competition; application deadlines and conditions updated on the BGK website (e.g., schedules of green loan competitions).

5. Industrial Development Agency (ARP) — development loans and liquidity instruments

  • Who: enterprises (various segments, including SMEs) eligible for ARP programs.
  • What it finances: investment loans, subsidy instruments (subsidy loans), development support.
  • Conditions: loan collateral, investment purpose in line with the program; in “grant” variants, ARP finances part of the investment pending a subsequent grant.
  • Limits: for example, up to 90% of the gross investment value (grant loan variants).

6. Regional funds and operational programs (European Funds 2021–2027)

  • Who: companies operating locally/regionally — SMEs and entities implementing investments that are in line with the region's priorities.
  • What it finances: tangible investments, support for digitization, green transition, job creation, science-business cooperation projects.
  • Conditions: vary by province; project evaluation criteria, obligation to demonstrate the project's impact on regional objectives; own contribution usually required.
  • Limits: depend on the measure and province — funding levels and minimum/maximum eligible costs are specified in the rules of each competition. 

Tips and advices for the applicant


Here are some practical tips for applicants (what to do at the beginning):


1. Make a quick compliance map — assign the project to a category: (A) R&D (research & development) / innovation, (B) environmental / energy-efficient investments, (C) export development / marketing, (D) liquidity / loan. This will help you to determine which institutions are most suitable.

2. Check specific competitions and deadlines — most programs have recruitment schedules, deadlines, and the amount of available funds change every month.

3. Prepare financial documents and a description of your business — business plan/implementation plan, financial forecasts, description of results (including KPIs), investment cost estimate.

4. Check the limits and levels of funding in the competition rules — this is the only mandatory document specifying the maximum amounts and percentages of funding.

5. Consider mixed instruments (loan + grant). If the project requires indirect financing, the relevant institutions often offer such programs/financing options. An example of a technology startup using different types of financing was described on the blog in October 2024.


Preparing an application for financing under the above programs requires specialized knowledge, extensive experience, and practical skills. We will advise and support your company in developing a project concept, creating a strategy, practical business planning, optimizing the path to a source of financing in accordance with the nature and focus of the project, preparing a set of important documents justifying the project, and creating financial models and business forecasts. We will guide you to your desired goal along the narrow path between the Scylla of eligibility restrictions and the Charybdis of possible funding limits.


Together, we will pass the path to come your dreams true!


More detailed and up-to-date information could be found in the relevant blog articles. Visit our website.


Optimizing the path to the source of financing

Preparing an application for financing under the above programs requires specialized knowledge, extensive experience, and practical skills. We will advise and support your company in developing a project concept, creating a strategy, practical business planning, optimizing the path to a source of financing in accordance with the nature and focus of the project, preparing a set of important documents justifying the project, and creating financial models and business forecasts. We will guide you to your desired goal along the narrow path between the Scylla of eligibility restrictions and the Charybdis of possible funding limits.


Together, we will pass the path to come your dreams true!


More detailed and up-to-date information could be found in the relevant blog articles. Visit our website.


For your convenience, you can download the document “Definition of an SME,” which will help you correctly position your company on the map of opportunities for obtaining additional financing—at the bottom of this page, under the “Fill in the fields | Download the file” button. After filling out the form, close the tab and you will be able to download the template. I hope you find it useful!
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